Exercise for Preventing Falls in Older Adults: Network Meta-Analysis
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine
Year: 2020
Authors: Sherrington C, Fairhall NJ, Wallbank GK, et al.
DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2019-101732
Key Findings
- Exercise reduces fall rate by 23% compared to no exercise
- Balance and functional exercises are the most effective components
- Higher dose exercise (3+ hours/week) produces greater fall reduction
- Tai chi and individually prescribed programs are particularly effective
This network meta-analysis examined 283 randomized controlled trials involving 83,468 older adults to determine which types of exercise are most effective for preventing falls.
The analysis found that exercise reduces fall rates by approximately 23% compared to no exercise. Programs that focused on balance and functional exercises were the most effective, with tai chi and individually prescribed programs showing particularly strong results.
Clinical Recommendations
Physiotherapists should prescribe exercise programs that include progressive balance training, strengthen lower limb muscles, and are performed for at least 3 hours per week. Programs should be challenging enough to improve balance and tailored to individual capabilities.